An update on epidemiological features, etiopathogenesis and therapeutic approaches of feline chronic gingivostomatitis.

Articles in Press

Document Type : Review article

Author

• Asma Dahmani

Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University Blida1, B.P. 270, Road of Soumaa, 09000, Blida, Algeria.

10.22067/ijvst.2025.91681.1462

Abstract

Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a severe, immune-mediated, oral mucosal inflammatory disease of cats. The typical location of the ulcerative and/or proliferative inflammatory lesions is lateral to the palatoglossal folds, previously referred to as the fauces .It is a painful oral inflammatory disease, which can lead to severe malnutrition and dehydration in critical cases. It is a very frustrating and poorly understood disease in cats and may be considered as multifactorial, although it is likely that infectious agents are involved. It seems to be a manifestation of an aberrant immune response to chronic antigenic stimulation. Because of its unknown pathogenesis and long disease course, it is difficult to treat and has a high recurrence rate. Most of the bacteria in the oral microbiota exist in the mouth symbiotically and maintain a dynamic balance, and when the balance is disrupted, they may cause disease. Disturbance of the oral microbiota may play an important role in the development of FCGS. The current standard of care involves dental extractions of at least all premolar and molar teeth, with or without medical management, rather than medical therapy alone. Future regenerative therapies, currently in development, show promise for management of feline chronic gingivostomatitis. Therefore, this review aims to describe the etiopathogenesis, the clinical and epidemyological features and describes the treatment of feline chronic gingivostomatitis in light of current knowledge and to investigate scientific articles in order to find the latest information on this disease.

Keywords

• Cats
• FCGS
• clinical and epidemyological features
• treatment

Main Subjects

• Clinical pathology

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