Ferdowsi University of MashhadIranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology2008-465X18320260405Kocuria rhizophila As the Etiological Agent Infecting Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) in Iran1104803810.22067/ijvst.2026.89008.1400ENNazilaYeganehDepartment of Fisheries Engineering and sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares,Tehran, Iran.Amir HosseinSmileyDepartment of Fisheries Engineering and sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, University
of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-1687-9876Mohammad RezaKalbassiDepartment of Fisheries Engineering and sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, University
of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran.MargaretCrumlishInstitute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.Journal Article20241119An natural acute disease outbreak occurred in two rainbow trout farms located in northern Iran. Affected fish exhibited clinical symptoms, including ocular opacity, scale desquamation, skin necrosis, superficial to deep lesions on the dorsal and lateral body surfaces, loss of caudal peduncle tissue, mild exophthalmia, skin melanization, hepatic hemorrhage and paleness, excessive mucus accumulation in the abdominal cavity, renal paleness, and intestinal infection. Following biochemical analysis of the bacterium, gene sequencing was conducted, leading to the identification and registration of a strain known as K. rhizophila TMU97910 in the NCBI gene bank. After the elucidation of the bacterium’s identity, salinity tolerance, and antibiogram tests were conducted. The results demonstrated that the strain exhibited complete resistance to salinity, allowing it to thrive in a wide range of salinity conditions. In antimicrobial assays, the isolate showed resistance to Fosfomycin, while remaining sensitive to Florfenicol, Doxycycline, Oxytetracycline, Enrofloxacin, Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim, Erythromycin, Gentamycin, and Kanamycin. To investigate the behavior of this bacterium in rainbow trout, pathogenicity, LD50, and histopathology analyses were conducted in three replicates. Pathogenic symptoms in trout remained consistent. Histopathological examination of the liver, kidney, spleen, and gills revealed extensive tissue damage caused by this strain, including necrosis, hemorrhage, degeneration, and tissue wounds. Subsequently, bacterial recovery was achieved, and negative results for the detection of other pathogens confirmed that Kocuria rhizophila was responsible for the disease outbreak.https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_48038_3188907d61235ababce50e9c0569d84d.pdfFerdowsi University of MashhadIranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology2008-465X18320260222Autologous platelet-rich plasma promotes regeneration of ethanol-induced endometrial damage in a canine model11204796610.22067/ijvst.2026.92962.1498ENSiamakKazemi-DarabadiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.0000-0003-3219-6071AliHashemi-KahnamoDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.RezaAsadpourDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.0000-0003-4717-9952Seyed HosseinJarolmasjedDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.MonirehKhordadmehrDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.0000-0002-4472-3847Journal Article20250419Thin and damaged endometrium represents a significant challenge in managing pregnancies, and may contribute to postpartum uterine disorders, recurrent miscarriages, and other complications. Although various treatments have been proposed, their effectiveness remains inconsistent. Recently, scientists have turned their attention to platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for its growth factors and cytokines in human medicine. However, its potential for reconstructing endometrial issues in canine models has not yet been adequately investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic properties of PRP on ethanol-induced endometrial damage in dogs. Twelve healthy adult mixed-breed dogs were randomly divided into four groups: group E received 95% ethanol in uterine horns to create a model of endometrial damage; group E+NS received saline 72 hours post-injury; group E+PRP received PRP 72 hours post-injury; and group NS+PRP was initially given normal saline and PRP 72 hours later. The results showed significant improvements in endometrial thickness, epithelial repair, and uterine gland density in the E+PRP group compared with the E group (P < 0.05). The E+NS group did not show significant differences in comparison to the E group. The results showed a decrease in bleeding and necrosis severity in the E+PRP group. Additionally, hyperemia and hemosiderosis levels in the E+PRP, E+NS, and E groups were similar. In conclusion, the utilization of PRP was successful in the treatment of ethanol-induced endometrial injury in dogs. These findings suggest that PRP may represent a promising regenerative therapy for thin endometrium and related reproductive disorders.https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_47966_07f26c1e7d2873a9e6860909c00075c2.pdfFerdowsi University of MashhadIranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology2008-465X18320260221Preparation and in vitro evaluation of canine hyperimmune plasma against canine parvovirus: a strategy for passive immunotherapy21294796410.22067/ijvst.2026.96110.1608ENSeyedeh MastooreNourbakhshDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.MohammadKhosraviDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.RezaAvizehDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.0000-0002-2782-8903HamzehGhobadian DialiDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.MahdiPourmahdiDepartment of Food Hygiene , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.Journal Article20251103The aim of this study was to prepare anti-canine parvovirus hyperimmune plasma through repeated vaccination of dogs and to evaluate its neutralizing capacity and immunoreactivity against viral antigens in comparison with plasma from healthy and infected animals. Four healthy dogs were vaccinated four times at two-week intervals using a live attenuated CPV-2 vaccine and hyperimmune plasma was collected. A CPV-2b strain was isolated from fecal samples of clinically infected dogs and propagated in MDCK cells. Viral identity was confirmed by PCR targeting the VP2 gene. Neutralizing antibody titers were determined using a virus neutralization assay, while CPV-specific antibody titers were measured by indirect ELISA. The immunogenicity against viral structural and non-structural proteins was assessed using Western blot analysis. Hyperimmune plasma exhibited the highest neutralizing titer (1:160±64) compared with healthy (1:26 ± 12) and infected (1:4.5 ± 2.5) groups (p ≤ 0.01). ELISA optical density values were 0.63 ± 0.11, 0.50 ± 0.12, and 0.28±0.02 for hyperimmune, healthy, and infected plasma, respectively (p ≤ 0.001). Western blot analysis revealed the presence of reactive antibodies against VP2 (66.0 ± 7.2), VP1 (30.7 ± 14.3), VP3 (45.0 ± 5.3), and NS1 (68.0 ± 7.1) in the hyperimmune group, whereas only low levels of antibodies against VP2 were detected in infected dogs. While antibodies against NS1 were observed exclusively in the hyperimmune plasma. In conclusion, Canine hyperimmune plasma contains high-titer, polyclonal neutralizing antibodies against CPV. These in vitro findings support the probable effectiveness and its potential utility as an emergency passive immunotherapy for CPV infection.https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_47964_62c19c2e9965481203a681b55a05e65a.pdfFerdowsi University of MashhadIranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology2008-465X18320260701Effects of intracerebroventricular injection of nisin on feeding behavior, body temperature, and serum parameters in LPS-inflamed broiler chickens30404829210.22067/ijvst.2026.97643.1639ENVahidHamedianaslDepartment of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.0009-0003-4243-021XFarshidHamidiDepartment of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0002-5433-3826Hamid RezaKazeraniDepartment of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0003-1156-9254Journal Article20260307Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leads to impaired production performance, reduced feed intake, altered body temperature, and deleterious changes in some serum and disease parameters in broiler chickens. Bacteriocins such as nisin are considered promising therapeutic agents for the prevention, control, and treatment of poultry diseases. This study involved an experiment using 30 male broiler chickens to evaluate the central effects of nisin on feed and water consumption, body temperature, and serum factors under stress. In this experiment, nisin (1 μg) and LPS (25 ng) were injected intraventricularly, and combined treatments of nisin and LPS were also considered. Feed intake, water consumption, and body temperature were measured in all groups. At the end of the experiment, blood was collected from the chickens for evaluation of serum factors. ICV administration of nisin administration significantly increased feed intake, whereas LPS administration significantly decreased it. In combination treatments, nisin was able to partially reduce the adverse effects of LPS on feed intake. Both nisin and LPS reduced water intake in broilers, and combined treatment caused a greater reduction in water intake than either injection alone. LPS initially reduced body temperature before hyperthermia induction, whereas nisin alone had no effect on thermoregulation, but in the combination groups, it somewhat reduced LPS-induced temperature disturbances. LPS also caused a significant decrease in albumin and a significant increase in AST and ALT, whereas nisin reduced AST and ALT but had no effect on albumin. Results shows that nisin can be used as a useful and safe additive in poultry feed.https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_48292_6a923382c8c5696a76af7a604937de28.pdfFerdowsi University of MashhadIranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology2008-465X18320260609Morphological and molecular analyses of two Taenia species in wild canids in northern Iran41524831110.22067/ijvst.2026.97199.1629ENZahraSharifi DarvazehDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.0009-0006-5963-3293ElaheEbrahimzadehDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0001-6470-2528HassanBorjiDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0003-4706-4995MoeinAbolhasani DarounkolaDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.0009-0003-6693-0091Journal Article20251227Wild canids play a significant role in dissemination of parasitic helminth ova and may serve as a potential source of infection in humans and animals. Therefore, monitoring the helminth fauna of these species is essential for both veterinary and public health. The present cross-sectional study was conducted to assess cestode infection and to reveal the molecular characterization and phylogenetic status of large Taenia in wild canids in Iran. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) were used to summarize the data, and the Chi-square test was employed to evaluate differences in parasite distribution among different variables. For this aim, the intestines of 93 wild canids, including 69 jackals, 22 red foxes, and two wolves, were examined in northern, northeastern, and northwestern regions of Iran for tapeworms. Additionally, the identity of some helminths was confirmed using PCR and DNA sequencing. Based on our findings, 54.5% of red foxes and 47.8% (95% CI: 36.5-59.3%) of jackals were infected, among which single infections with Mesocestoides were highly prevalent (33.3% , 95% CI: 24.5-43.4%), followed by T. hydatigena (4.3%, 95% CI: 1.7-10.5%), D. caninum (2.2% 95%, CI: 0.6-7.5%%), and T. polyacantha (1.1%, 95% CI: 0.2-5.8%). Also, mixed infections were demonstrated in 13.6% of foxes (Mesocestoides + T. polyacantha) and 5.8% of jackals (Mesocestoides + T. hydatigena). Overall, cestode infection rate in wild carnivores was 48.4%. Molecular analysis with universal primers amplified a 450-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cox1 gene. Sequencing also demonstrated 100% and more than 99% identity between the sequences of T. hydatigena (n = 8) and T. polyacantha (n = 4) isolates and their corresponding GenBank reference sequences. This study represents the third report and the first molecularly confirmation of T. polyacantha in foxes in Iran. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring cestode infections in wild canids for epidemiological and public health purposes.https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_48311_ae3957e98c48990c5f6448c1db3a0627.pdfFerdowsi University of MashhadIranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology2008-465X18320260701Comparison of the Immunogenicity of Different Proportions of Chitosan Adjuvant in an Attenuated Neospora caninum Vaccine in BALB/c Mice53584743210.22067/ijvst.2025.94043.1567ENSeyed RezaHosseiniDepartment of Veterinary, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.0000-0002-2553-4004MarziehKefayatDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.MiladHamzehali TehraniDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-6681-0837Amir HoseinNorouziDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.Journal Article20250726Neosporosis is a neuromuscular infectious disease in dogs caused by the protozoan <em>N. caninum</em>. This disease is globally distributed; canines are the definitive hosts, while a wide range of animals serve as intermediate hosts. This study aimed to compare the immunogenicity of different proportions of chitosan adjuvant in an attenuated <em>N. caninum</em> vaccine in BALB/c mice. Twenty-eight BALB/c mice were divided into four groups (n = 7 per group). Groups 1, 2, and 3 were subcutaneously immunized with attenuated tachyzoites of <em>N. caninum</em> strain Nc-1 combined with micronized chitosan adjuvant at concentrations of 10%, 50%, and 90%, respectively. Group 4 served as the negative control and did not receive any vaccine formulation or adjuvant. All groups were monitored daily over a three-week period. Following sample collection, antibody levels were quantified using ELISA, and cellular immune responses were evaluated by measuring IFN-γ levels with a commercial assay kit. According to ELISA results, the highest antibody levels were observed in the group immunized with the attenuated <em>N. caninum</em> strain containing 90% chitosan adjuvant, showing significantly higher antibody levels compared to the control and other groups (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Similarly, IFN-γ analysis revealed that the strongest IFN-γ-associated immune response was observed in the group immunized with 90% chitosan adjuvant, with significant differences compared to the control and other groups (<em>p</em> < 0.05).Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test for multiple comparisons. Based on these findings and the considerable effect of chitosan adjuvant on both antibody levels and IFN-γ-associated cellular immunity, these findings support further investigation of chitosan-containing formulations as potential adjuvants for Neospora vaccine development.https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_47432_c16f522d08b34a5ea1b6e7c65b14fa9d.pdfFerdowsi University of MashhadIranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology2008-465X18320260701Clinical and radiographic findings of Monteggia fracture in a one-year-old-male mule72764849510.22067/ijvst.2026.97447.1635ENSamanehGhasemiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0003-3551-6261AliMirshahiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0001-6372-6931OmidrezaRaei AbbasabadiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.0009-0003-5934-1125NeginRahimdoust MozhdehiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.AlirezaSafarzadeDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.Journal Article20260114The elbow joint is between the distal humerus and proximal radius and ulna. In uncommon cases, severe traumatic injury to the elbow may result in concomitant fracture and luxation or subluxation of its structure. The Monteggia fracture is defined as dislocation of radial head associated with proximal ulnar fracture. This injury is rare in the horse and to the authors' knowledge, no previous reports in mule. Concurrent fractures of the ulna and radius can be particularly challenging. Because of the extensive soft tissue and articular cartilage injuries, cases with Monteggia fracture have an unfavorable prognosis. Although, successful surgical management has been documented in some cases. Even though the successful reports of repair of Monteggia fracture, these cases are as pasture-sound animals. This report describes a type I Monteggia fracture in a one-year-old male mule. Clinical examination revealed severe swelling, pain, crepitation and non–weight-bearing lameness. Radiographic evaluation confirmed the Monteggia fracture. Given the little information available regarding Monteggia fracture in equine, a better understanding of treatment of this injury is warranted.https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_48495_80759094e5f0af86d44d8bce932673ae.pdf