Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology
2008-465X
2423-6306
2
2
2010
09
01
Ovine and Caprine Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
16
61
EN
Mohamad A.
Abu-Dalbou
Jordan University of Science and Technology
Mustafa M.
Ababneh
Jordan University of Science and Technology
Nektarios D.
Giadinis
Jordan University of Science and Technology
Shawkat Q.
Lafi
Jordan University of Science and Technology
shqalafi@just.edujo
10.22067/veterinary.v2i2.8378
Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), is an economically important disease of livestock, especially sheep and goats, where it can cause early embryonic death and resorption, fetal death and mummification, abortion, stillbirth, and neonatal death.Cats are the main reservoir for the toxoplasmosis which can contaminate the environments of other animal and human beings by their faeces that contain sporulated oocysts.Toxoplasmosis is diagnosed mainly by direct smear, Immunohistochemistry, serology testing and PCR. Preventive measures include education of the farmers, reduce environmental
contamination by oocysts, reducing the number of cats capable of shedding oocysts, limiting the breeding of cats to maintain healthy adults, control of future breeding and adequate
continuous control programs of stray cats. Feeding cats with commercial diets or with food processed either by cooking or freezing can reduce the risk of disease transmission. A live
vaccine (Toxovax®) is commercially marketed in some countries for reducing losses to the sheep industry from congenital toxoplasmosis. History, Life cycle, Clinical signs, Diagnosis, Mode of transmission, Epidemiology, Treatment, Control, Prevention and Vaccination against T. gondii infection in small animals
have been reviewed in this article.
Toxoplasma gondii,Sheep,goat,abortion,diagnosis,Control
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25438.html
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25438_2d9d71170054ab20177125ca27a03b57.pdf
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology
2008-465X
2423-6306
2
2
2010
09
01
The Effect of Storage on the Protein Electrophoretic Pattern in Bovine Serum
77
84
EN
Csilla
Tó thová
University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73
tothova@uvm.sk
Oskar
Nagy
University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73
Herbert
Seidel
University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73
Gabriel
Kováč
University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73
10.22067/veterinary.v2i2.8367
This study was aimed at the evaluation of the influence of storage under various conditions<br />on the relative concentrations of major protein fractions and their proportion in bovine serum.<br />Blood samples were taken from six dairy cattle of a low-land black spotted breed and its<br />crossbreeds. The separated blood serum was fractioned into aliquots. One aliquot was<br />analysed immediately after the separation without storage. The second aliquot was stored at 4<br />°C for 1 day, the remaining aliquots were kept frozen at -18 °C for 2, 7, and 21 days, and then<br />analysed. Blood serum was analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis for the major protein<br />fractions – albumin (%), alpha-globulins (%), beta-globulins (%), and gammaglobulins (%).<br />Over time, the relative concentrations of albumin in bovine serum showed a tendency of<br />significant decrease during the storage at -18 °C (p
storage,electrophoresis,protein fraction,Dairy cattle
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25477.html
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25477_68ef58a1b47dd61983c0473fc88d6abb.pdf
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology
2008-465X
2423-6306
2
2
2010
09
01
Variations of Energy Related Biochemical Metabolites During Periparturition Period in Fat-Tailed Baloochi Breed Sheep
85
92
EN
Bahman
Taghipour
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Hesam A.
Seifi
0000-0002-2295-6236
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
hamali@tabrizu.ac.ir
Mehrdad
Mohri
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
mohri@ferdowsi.um.ac.ir
Nima
Farzaneh
0000000154510696
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
farzaneh@um.ac.ir
Abbasali
Naserian
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
10.22067/veterinary.v2i2.8368
Negative energy balance in pregnant ewes during last two month of gestation could result in fatal pregnancy toxemia and affects ewe and lamb health. The understanding of variations of energy related metabolites during this critical period may cast light upon to a better management of the situation. This study describes the variations of serum energy related biochemical metabolites at a period of 45 days before to 21 days after parturition in Baloochi breed ewes. Blood from the jugular vein was collected from each sheep at days 45, 30, 20, 10, 1 prior to parturition, and days 4, 7, 13, 19 and 21 post-partum to determine total protein, albumin, urea , cholesterol, glucose, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), -Hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA). NEFA and BHBA concentrations reached peak levels at parturition. However, AST activity had highest levels at the first and second week after lambing. AST activity significantly correlated to energy metabolism indicators. This enzyme had positive significant correlations with NEFA and BHBA and negative correlations with cholesterol and triglyceride. NEFA concentrations had a positive correlation with BHBA and negative correlation with glucose and cholesterol. At pre-partum period NEFA correlation with BHBA and AST were stronger than post-partum. This finding indicates that NEFA testing at pre-parturition days is a reliable predictor of fat mobilization and energy status of pre-parturition period in sheep. Urea and total protein concentrations reached lowest levels at parturition and then gradually increased afterwards.
Fat tailed sheep,pregnancy,negative energy balance,energy metabolites
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25494.html
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25494_d84b6173c12d7fc1ef417df75de56e54.pdf
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology
2008-465X
2423-6306
2
2
2010
09
01
Investigation of the Antibacterial Effect of Venom of the Iranian Snake Echis carinatus
93
99
EN
Atena
Jami al ahmadi
0000-0002-2295-6236
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
hamali@tabrizu.ac.ir
Behrooz
Fathi
0000-0003-2795-6443
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
behrooz048@gmail.com
Abdoula
Jamshidi
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Hosein
Zolfagharian
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute
Abbase
Zare Mirakabbadi
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute
10.22067/veterinary.v2i2.8369
Although some venoms and their isolated compounds have been shown to have antibacterial properties, most have not been investigated for such activity. Echis carinatus is one of the most venomous snakes in the world and has an effective haematotoxic venom that destroys endothelial cells and causes haemorrhagia.<br />In this study, the antibacterial activity of Iranian snake Echis carinatus venom against six different bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7), were investigated. Crude venom (100µg/ml) and different standard antibiotic disks as positive controls were tested by the gel diffusion method. Since the results showed that Echis carinatus venom has a significant antibacterial effect against S. aureus and MRSA, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were also determined for these two susceptible bacteria: this was 80µg ml-1 against both strains. Also, the results determined that Echis carinatus venom dose not have a noticeable effect on other tested bacteria.
antibacterial,venom,Echis Carinatus
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25523.html
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25523_6be06863f5f0bfb55c1924e289393770.pdf
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology
2008-465X
2423-6306
2
2
2010
09
01
The Histopathological Survey of Uterine Tissue in Holstein Dairy Cows with or without Recorded Reproductive Disorders
100
108
EN
Massoud
Talebkhan Garoussi
0000-0002-2295-6236
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
hamali@tabrizu.ac.ir
Farhang
Sasani
University of Tehran
Parviz
Hovareshti
University of Tehran
10.22067/veterinary.v2i2.8374
The objective of the study was to evaluate the uterine histopathological changes in Holstein dairy cows, within the range of 90-145 day in milk, with or without clinical history of reproduction system disorders. Lactating Holstein cows (n =133) with (n=92, 69.17%) or without (n= 41, 30.82%) recorded clinical signs of reproduction diseases were examined for uterine histopathological lesions. The cows in treatment group were inseminated artificially for 3 times after calving or did not have any recorded estrus signs. The cows in control group were not inseminated. Biopsy of the endometrium and submucosa were obtained using a sterile alligator-jawed (rounded) biopsy forceps. The inseminated cows were at various stages of the estrus cycle. The results showed that 64.13% and 46.34% of cows with or without recorded clinical reproductive disorder had histopathological lesions, respectively. There were no significant differences in histopathological changes between cows with or without reproductive disorder history (P≥0.05). Chronic endometritis was the most common microscopic lesion in cows with (34.61%) or without (17.94%) recorded reproductive disease. Clinical endometritis was the most common reproductive disorder (20.65%). The rate of histopathological lesions in repeat breeder cows was16.3%.<br />In conclusion, endometrial biopsy could be a useful diagnostic tool to evaluate future fertility of the dairy cows because, cows with or without reproductive disorders may show histopathological lesions.
Dairy cow,endometritis,histopathology,reproductive disorders,uterus
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25541.html
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25541_a6386fff05690447e40fd26a1eb741d4.pdf
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology
2008-465X
2423-6306
2
2
2010
09
01
Prevalence of Dental Malocclusion and Root Elongation in Pet Rabbits of Ahvaz, Iran
109
116
EN
Bahman
Mosallanejad
0000-0002-2295-6236
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
hamali@tabrizu.ac.ir
Abdolvahed
Moarrabi
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
Reza
Avizeh
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
avizeh@scu.ac.ir
Alireza
Ghadiri
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
alighadiri@scu.ac.ir
10.22067/veterinary.v2i2.8375
Malocclusion and overgrowth of continuously growing teeth is a frequently seen problem in pet rabbits. In the present study, the studied rabbits were divided based on age into two groups (less than 3 years and above 3 years). They were 1–5 years old and had mean body weight of 2250 gr. It was diagnosed 5 cases of malocclusion and root elongation of grade 2 and 2 cases of grade 4. Affected rabbits were referred with signs of epiphora, pain, anorexia, disability for grooming, dermatologic problems, digestive disorders and salivation. In this study the prevalence of dental disorders (malocclusion and root elongation) was 6.7% (7 out of 105) in pet rabbits of Ahvaz city. Prevalence was significantly higher in rabbits above 3 years (14.89%; 7 out of 47) compared with rabbits less than 3 years (0%; 0 out of 58) (P=0.003). It was significantly higher in those rabbits that were in house for long times (lack of sunlight) and were fed with soft fiber also (P=0.001). Although, prevalence was higher in female rabbits (9.09%; 4 out of 44) than males (4.92%; 3 out of 61), but the difference was not significant (P=0.43). The skull radiograph revealed dental disorders. A feature of acquired dental diseases in rabbits was abnormal calcification in the skull especially alveolar bone. In a radiograph of the skull, changes in the structure and hardness of the cheek teeth had led to uneven wear.
root elongation,dental malocclusion,overgrowth,rabbit,Ahvaz
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25563.html
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25563_97e310fc82a472c8f2a24ad06392c443.pdf
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology
2008-465X
2423-6306
2
2
2010
09
01
First Report of a Cyclops Lamb Associated With a Normal Twin Lamb From Iran
117
122
EN
Hossein
Hamali
0000-0002-2295-6236
University of Tabriz
hamali@tabrizu.ac.ir
Nader
Chador Shabi
Tabriz Veterinary Organizations, Tabriz, Iran
10.22067/veterinary.v2i2.8376
A four- year-old Moghanian breed ewe was admitted to the large animal veterinary clinic, University of Tabriz due to dystocia. During obstetrical examination, it was revealed that the cervix has been closed firmly and vagina protruded about 5 cm through the vulva (vaginal prolaps). Based on clinical findings and for saving the dam and lamb(s), the cesarean section was done. A normal alive female lamb twin to a monster dead male was delivered. According to the facial deformity, the monster twin was diagnosed as Cyclops lamb. This is the first report of a Cyclops lamb’s giving birth twine to a normal lamb from Iran.
Cyclops,monster,lamb,Moghanian ewe
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25582.html
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25582_0cdef9df52d820c9e18323f647c6ac6d.pdf
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology
2008-465X
2423-6306
2
2
2010
09
01
A Diarrhoeic Dog with Clinical and Histopathologic Signs of ICH (Infectious Canine Hepatitis)
123
128
EN
Bahman
Mosallanejad
0000-0001-9150-7920
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
bmosallanejad@scu.ac.ir
Saleh
Esmailzadeh
0000-0002-2295-6236
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
hamali@tabrizu.ac.ir
Reza
Avizeh
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
avizeh@scu.ac.ir
10.22067/veterinary.v2i2.8377
A 3-month-old male German shepherd dog was referred with depression, vomition, hemorrhagic diarrhea, abdominal pain, anorexia and dehydration. The affected dog did not have any history of vaccination. Despite treatment, the animal died within 2 days after the onset of clinical signs. Gross examination of tissues showed hemorrhages (ecchymoses) in the mucosa of the digestive tract. The liver was congested and slightly enlarged. The gall bladder wall was edematous. The spleen and lymph nodes were also edematous and congested. Light microscopic examination of tissues showed numerous large, basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies within the hepatcytes and endothelial cells adjacent to the necrotic regions. A large area of hepatic necrosis, severe congestion of sinusoids accompanied by a mild mixed infiltration of inflammatory cells, were evident particularly in the periportal region. Fecal sample was examined for differential diagnosis of other viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases. Based on histopathological findings, Infectious canine Hepatitis (ICH) was suspected as the cause of death.
Dog,Infectious Canine Hepatitis,Pathology
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25634.html
https://ijvst.um.ac.ir/article_25634_fffb3f18d09876a86da354b8a03d47b3.pdf